1. Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis after birth.
2. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a major bile acid diminished in the intestinal tract of LBW piglets, markedly alleviates intestinal inflammation in LBW piglets, an LBW-FMT mice model, and a mouse model of colitis by inducing M2 macrophage polarization.
3. Restoring intestinal health and postnatal maldevelopment of LBW infants may be achieved by targeting intestinal microbiota and bile acid metabolism.
The article is generally reliable and trustworthy as it provides evidence for its claims through experiments conducted on both piglet models and mouse models. The authors also provide detailed information about the methods used to conduct their experiments, such as 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing for microbiome analysis, targeted BA metabolomics for fecal and intestinal BA profiles, small interfering RNAs to knock down farnesoid X receptor levels in J774A.1 cells, etc., which adds to the credibility of the article. Furthermore, the authors have discussed potential limitations of their study such as the lack of mechanistic studies on how UDCA affects other cell types involved in inflammation or how UDCA affects other organs besides the intestine. This shows that they are aware of possible biases in their study and have taken steps to address them. However, there are some points that could be improved upon such as providing more evidence for their claims or exploring counterarguments more thoroughly. Additionally, there is no mention of possible risks associated with using UDCA to treat LBW-induced colonic inflammation which should be noted in future studies.