1. Electrothermal microactuators use resistive heating to cause expansion and deflection from the normal position.
2. Two designs were found to be the most successful: a hot-cold arm actuator and an opposing hot arms design.
3. The best deflection was measured at 11.9µm for a hot-cold arm design, with an input power of 39mW, and 10.9µm for an opposing beams design with an input power of 303mW.
The article is generally reliable in terms of its content, as it provides detailed information about electrothermal microactuators and their two main designs, as well as their respective performance characteristics. However, there are some potential biases that should be noted. For example, the article does not provide any information about other possible designs or alternative approaches to electrothermal actuation that may exist; this could lead readers to believe that these two designs are the only viable options available when in fact there may be others that have not been explored or discussed in the article. Additionally, the article does not discuss any potential risks associated with using electrothermal microactuators; this could lead readers to believe that they are completely safe when in fact there may be some risks involved that should be taken into consideration before using them. Finally, while the article does provide some theoretical models for comparison purposes, it does not provide any evidence or data to support its claims; this could lead readers to believe that these models are accurate without any proof or verification of their accuracy.