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Article summary:
1. Dual-purpose cattle management systems are commonly used in tropical regions, as they allow for the production of both meat and milk. These systems help farmers cope with volatile economic conditions and meet the increasing demand for animal products.
2. However, there are several limitations and challenges associated with dual-purpose cattle management in tropical conditions. These include inadequate record keeping, limited investment capacity of farmers, undefined breeding programs, challenging environmental conditions, inadequate infrastructure, poor nutritional practices, and health issues.
3. Biotechnological procedures such as artificial insemination and embryo transfer can potentially improve the efficacy of small community farmers in tropical regions. However, their effectiveness is influenced by the aforementioned limitations and challenges. The review mainly focuses on production systems located below 1000 m above sea level, as cattle raised above this altitude face different problems and shortcomings.
Article analysis:
这篇文章主要讨论了在热带条件下饲养双用牛的问题，包括其在生产和繁殖功能方面存在的缺陷。然而，文章存在一些潜在的偏见和不足之处。
首先，文章提到了消费者对不使用密集养殖方式生产食品的需求增加，但没有提供相关数据或调查结果来支持这一观点。这可能导致读者对该观点的怀疑，并认为作者有意无视其他可能的观点。
其次，文章没有提供足够的证据来支持其关于双用牛管理方法和环境条件对农民收益和可持续性的影响的主张。虽然文章提到了一些限制因素，如记录不完整、农民投资能力有限等，但没有具体说明它们是如何影响生产效率和繁殖结果的。缺乏实证数据使得读者很难相信这些主张。
此外，文章没有探讨其他可能解决问题的方法或技术。例如，是否有其他改进饲养管理、营养实践或健康措施的方法可以提高双用牛的生产力和繁殖能力？作者似乎只关注了人工授精和胚胎移植等生殖技术，而忽视了其他可能的解决方案。
最后，文章没有平衡地呈现双用牛饲养的风险和收益。虽然提到了双用牛对当地肉类和乳制品生产的贡献以及对农民和社区的好处，但没有提及潜在的环境影响或动物福利问题。这种片面报道可能导致读者对该主题的整体认识不完整。
综上所述，这篇文章存在一些潜在的偏见和不足之处。它缺乏充分的证据支持其主张，并未探讨其他可能的解决方案或风险因素。为了提高其可信度和客观性，作者应该提供更多实证数据，并全面考虑相关问题的各个方面。