1. This study aimed to explore the full spectrum of left ventricular (LV) hemodynamic forces (HDFs) in healthy adults and determine their physiologic correlates.
2. 269 healthy subjects were enrolled and underwent an echo-Doppler examination, with tri-plane tissue tracking from apical views used to measure 2D global endocardial longitudinal strain (GLS), circumferential strain (GCS), and LV HDFs.
3. Results showed that age, body surface area, pulse pressure, heart rate and GCS were the only independent variables associated with LV HDFs.
The article is generally reliable and trustworthy as it provides a comprehensive overview of the study design, methods used, results obtained and conclusions drawn. The authors have provided detailed information on the study population, including demographic characteristics such as age, gender distribution and body surface area. Furthermore, they have also provided detailed information on the echocardiographic parameters measured in each subject such as left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and mitral E velocity corrected for relaxation. The authors have also discussed potential limitations of their study such as the lack of data on LV wall thickness which could affect HDF values. Additionally, they have noted that further studies are needed to confirm their findings in larger cohorts of patients with different cardiovascular diseases.
The article does not appear to be biased or one-sided as it presents both sides of the argument equally by providing evidence for both its claims and potential limitations. Furthermore, all claims made are supported by evidence from previous studies which adds credibility to the article's findings. Additionally, there is no promotional content present in the article which could potentially influence readers' opinions or decisions regarding its findings or conclusions drawn from them.
In conclusion, this article appears to be reliable and trustworthy due to its comprehensive overview of the study design, methods used, results obtained and conclusions drawn; all claims made are supported by evidence from previous studies; there is no promotional content present; and both sides of the argument are presented equally without bias or one-sidedness.