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Article summary:

1. This paper proposes a novel tolerance analysis framework that integrates form errors and local surface deformations.

2. The proposed framework couples geometric deviations introduced during the manufacturing phase with mechanical deformations introduced during the assembly phase.

3. Case studies revealed the considerable effects of form errors and local surface deformations on assembly deviations, demonstrating the efficiency of the proposed tolerance analysis process.

Article analysis:

The article is generally reliable and trustworthy, as it provides a comprehensive overview of the proposed tolerance analysis framework and its potential applications in ensuring product performance. The authors provide detailed descriptions of their methods for modeling skin model shapes considering form errors for rectangular surfaces, as well as their calculation of local surface deformations based on the Conjugate Gradient-Fast Fourier Transform (CG-FFT) method. Furthermore, they present case studies to demonstrate the efficiency of their proposed tolerance analysis process, which reveals the considerable effects of form errors and local surface deformations on assembly deviations.

The article does not appear to have any major biases or one-sided reporting; instead, it presents both sides equally by providing an overview of existing methods for modeling form errors and tolerance analysis before introducing their own approach. Additionally, all claims made are supported by evidence from case studies, making them reliable and trustworthy.

The only potential issue with this article is that it does not explore any counterarguments or alternative approaches to its proposed framework; however, this is understandable given that this is a research paper rather than a review article. Furthermore, there is no promotional content or partiality in this article; instead, it provides an objective overview of its proposed approach without attempting to promote it over other existing methods. Finally, possible risks are noted throughout the article; for example, when discussing existing methods for modeling form errors such as DCT and PCA-based SSA methods, the authors note that these may be computationally expensive due to their complexity.