1. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with biochar application on rice yield, soil fertility, and nitrogen use efficiency.
2. Biochar incorporation tended to obtain higher tillers, aboveground biomass, and grain yield of rice compared with N reduction alone.
3. Biochar application could not only maintain N nutrition level of rice, but also improve soil fertility mainly by increasing soil pH and organic matter.
The article is generally reliable and trustworthy in its reporting of the findings from a two-year/four-season field experiment investigating the effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with biochar application on rice yield, soil fertility, and nitrogen use efficiency. The authors provide detailed information about the experimental design and results which are supported by relevant data and figures. The article does not appear to be biased or one-sided in its reporting as it presents both positive and negative results from the experiment without any clear bias towards either side. Furthermore, all claims made in the article are supported by evidence from the experiment which adds to its trustworthiness.
However, there are some points that could be improved upon in order to make the article more reliable and trustworthy. For example, while the authors do mention potential risks associated with reducing nitrogen fertilizer application (such as decreased crop yields), they do not explore these risks in detail or discuss possible solutions for mitigating them. Additionally, while the authors present both sides of their argument equally throughout most of the article, they do appear to be slightly more favorable towards integrated application of mineral N fertilizer and biochar than other methods such as N reduction alone which could lead to a slight bias in their reporting. Finally, while the authors provide a thorough discussion of their findings at the end of their article they fail to explore any counterarguments or alternative explanations for their results which could have added further depth to their analysis.