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Article summary:
1. This article discusses the use of fiber-based time-lapse VSPs, microseismic, and strain data to monitor horizontal well hydraulic stimulations and geomechanical deformation processes in the unconventional shales of the Midland Basin.
2. Data was acquired with externally mounted dual- and single-mode fiber optics for measuring strain, acoustics, and temperature. In addition, external pressure gauges, internal conventional tiltmeters, and geophones were also utilized.
3. By using multiple data acquisition techniques, a more comprehensive and accurate estimation of the hydraulic fracture geometry and the dynamic processes taking place internal to the propagating fractures can be obtained.
Article analysis:
This article is generally reliable in its reporting of the use of fiber-based time-lapse VSPs, microseismic, and strain data to monitor horizontal well hydraulic stimulations and geomechanical deformation processes in the unconventional shales of the Midland Basin. The article provides a detailed description of how these methods are used to acquire data for this purpose. It also provides an overview of how this data can be used to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of hydraulic fracture geometry and dynamic processes taking place within them.
The article does not appear to have any biases or one-sided reporting as it presents both sides equally without favoring either side. It also does not contain any unsupported claims or missing points of consideration as it provides a thorough explanation of how these methods are used for monitoring purposes. Furthermore, there is no promotional content or partiality present in the article as it focuses solely on providing information about these methods rather than promoting them in any way. Additionally, possible risks associated with using these methods are noted throughout the article which further adds to its reliability.