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Article summary:
1. Acidic bile salts can induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in non-neoplastic Barrett’s cells, which may be responsible for cancers that develop despite endoscopic surveillance and metaplasia recurrences after endoscopic ablation.
2. VEGF signaling is involved in the EMT process, as evidenced by increased expression of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1/2 (ZEB1/2) and decreased expression of cadherin 1 (CDH1).
3. Reflux esophagitis in rats and dysplastic BE tissues in humans have increased ZEB1/2 expression and decreased CDH1 expression compared to controls.
Article analysis:
The article is generally reliable, as it provides evidence from multiple sources to support its claims. The authors use cell lines, transwells, 3D organotypic culture systems, immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, neutralizing antibodies, CRISPR-Cas9n, SU1498 inhibitors, shRNA inhibitors, and animal models to demonstrate the effects of acidic bile salts on inducing EMT via VEGF signaling in non-neoplastic Barrett’s cells. Furthermore, the authors provide evidence from both rat models with surgically induced reflux esophagitis and human esophagectomy specimens from patients with BE to further support their findings.
The article does not appear to be biased or one-sided; it presents both sides of the argument equally by providing evidence for both the positive effects of acidic bile salts on inducing EMT via VEGF signaling as well as potential risks associated with this process. The authors also note possible limitations of their study such as the lack of a control group for comparison purposes when assessing human tissue samples. Additionally, they acknowledge that further research is needed to fully understand the implications of their findings on SSIM development in Barrett’s esophagus patients.