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Article summary:

1. Four typical discharge formulas of radial gates were investigated and a new parameter identification method was established.

2. The parameter identification models for the discharge formulas were obtained using the least squares method, and the accuracy of calculating the discharge was greatly improved.

3. The results proved that the parameter identification method may have potential application to improve the accuracy of calculating the discharge under radial gates.

Article analysis:

The article is generally reliable and trustworthy, as it provides a comprehensive overview of four typical discharge formulas of radial gates and establishes a new parameter identification method for these formulas using the least squares method. The article also presents a case study to demonstrate how these formulas can be applied with satisfactory results to calculate the discharge, and how parameter identification can improve the accuracy of calculating the discharge.

However, there are some points that could be further explored in order to make this article more reliable and trustworthy. For example, while discussing Formula 1 (Li's Formula), it would be beneficial to provide more information on Li's experimental work and Xu's field data in order to better understand how they obtained their contraction coefficient and submerged coefficient curves. Additionally, while discussing Formula 2 (Henry's Formula), it would be helpful to provide more details on Henry's experimental investigation as well as Rajaratnam and Subramanya's confirmation in order to better understand how they obtained their discharge coefficient curves for sluice gates. Furthermore, while discussing Formula 3 (Jain's Formula), it would be useful to provide more information on Bernoulli's equation as well as Rajaratnam and Subramanya's development in order to better understand how they developed their discharge formula of radial gates under both free and submerged flow conditions. Finally, while discussing Formula 4 (dimensionless Formula), it would be beneficial to provide more details on Ferro’s dimensional analysis method as well as Ansar et al.'s comparison in order to better understand how they obtained their dimensionless equations for sluice gates and broad crested weirs under free flow condition.

In conclusion, this article is generally reliable and trustworthy but could benefit from providing additional information on certain points discussed throughout its content in order to make it even more reliable and trustworthy.