1. Low vitamin B12 concentration in the second or third trimester of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
2. Vitamin B12 deficiency increases the risk for GDM, and this effect is more significant among Asians.
3. An increased ratio of high folate to low vitamin B12 in serum also increases the risk of GDM.
The article provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of vitamin B12 and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The article is based on a comprehensive search of 304 articles from PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases, which were then narrowed down to 15 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The results suggest that there is no association between maternal vitamin B12 concentration during the first trimester with GDM, however, low vitamin B12 concentration in the second or third trimester of pregnancy was related to an increased risk of GDM.
The article appears to be reliable and trustworthy as it has been written by experts in the field who have conducted a thorough search for relevant literature and have used appropriate methods for their analysis. Furthermore, all sources used are reputable and credible. However, there are some potential biases that should be noted. Firstly, most of the studies included in the analysis were conducted on Asian populations which may limit its generalizability to other populations. Secondly, some studies included in the analysis did not adjust for potential confounders such as lifestyle factors which could affect the results obtained. Finally, there is a lack of discussion regarding possible risks associated with taking additional vitamin B12 supplements during pregnancy which should be addressed in future research.