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Article summary:

1. This article discusses the use of hybrid silicon and lithium niobate modulators for optical interconnects in photonic integrated circuits.

2. It reviews various technologies related to this, such as polarization handling light non-reciprocity, loss reduction, integrated optics, Mach–Zehnder modulators, electroabsorption modulators, LiNbO3 modulators, and more.

3. It also examines the potential of lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) for micro-photonic devices and nanophotonic lithium niobate electro-optic modulators.

Article analysis:

The article is generally reliable and trustworthy in its discussion of hybrid silicon and lithium niobate modulators for optical interconnects in photonic integrated circuits. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the relevant technologies and their potential applications, with references to relevant research papers and studies that support its claims. The article does not appear to be biased or one-sided in its reporting; it presents both sides equally by discussing both the advantages and disadvantages of each technology discussed. Furthermore, it does not contain any promotional content or partiality towards any particular technology or application.

The only potential issue with the article is that it does not explore any counterarguments or alternative points of view regarding the technologies discussed. While this is understandable given the scope of the article, it would have been beneficial if some counterarguments had been explored in order to provide a more balanced view on the topic. Additionally, while possible risks are noted throughout the article, they are not discussed in detail which could have provided further insight into how these technologies can be used safely and responsibly.