1. The use of analytical and numerical models to predict acoustic backscatter from aquatic organisms is increasing in both fisheries management and ecosystem research.
2. The effectiveness of a model is generally evaluated for a specific species or survey, making it difficult to select the right model for scientists.
3. The use of models to predict backscatter by aquatic organisms rapidly expanded in the 1960s, and numerical techniques to solve analytical models followed as computing capabilities improved.
The article provides an overview of the current state of acoustic backscattering models used in aquatic ecosystem research. It presents a comprehensive review of ten different models, discussing their advantages and disadvantages, as well as their applications in predicting acoustic backscatter from various aquatic organisms. The article is written in an objective manner, providing a balanced view on the different models discussed. It does not appear to be biased towards any particular model or approach, nor does it make unsupported claims or present one-sided reporting. Furthermore, the article does not appear to contain any promotional content or partiality towards any particular model or approach.
The article does provide some insight into potential risks associated with using certain models; however, it could have done more to explore counterarguments and present both sides equally when discussing these risks. Additionally, while the article provides evidence for its claims made throughout, there are some points that could have been further explored with additional evidence provided (e.g., the effectiveness of a model being evaluated for a specific species or survey).
In conclusion, this article provides an informative overview of acoustic backscattering models used in aquatic ecosystem research and appears to be reliable and trustworthy overall; however, there are some areas where additional evidence could have been provided for further exploration and discussion.