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Article summary:
1. Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) between bacteria can cause the emergence of numerous antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB), multi-resistant bacteria carrying a diverse array of ARGs, and superbacteria.
2. Swine manure is the primary source of ARGs and ARBs, and anaerobic fermentation is a cost-effective method for treating swine manure to remove some ARGs and ARPB.
3. This study investigated the effect of anaerobic fermentation on the abundance of iARGs, eARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), pathogens, and ARPB in swine manure at various initial pH values (3, 5, 7, and 11).
Article analysis:
The article provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of pH on the mitigation of extracellular/intracellular antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria during anaerobic fermentation of swine manure. The article is well written with clear explanations and evidence to support its claims. The authors provide detailed information about the research methods used in their study as well as their results. Additionally, they provide references to other studies that have been conducted on this topic which adds credibility to their work.
However, there are some potential biases in the article that should be noted. For example, while the authors discuss how adjusting initial pH can affect ARG removal from livestock manure, they do not mention any potential risks associated with this process such as increased environmental contamination or health risks due to exposure to high levels of antibiotics or other chemicals used in the process. Additionally, while they discuss how different initial pH affects both iARGs and eARGs separately, they do not explore any counterarguments or alternative solutions that could be used instead. Furthermore, while they cite several studies throughout their paper that support their claims, it would be beneficial if they provided more evidence for each claim made in order to further strengthen their argument.
In conclusion, this article provides a thorough overview of how adjusting initial pH can affect extracellular/intracellular antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic resistance pathogenic bacteria during anaerobic fermentation of swine manure but could benefit from providing more evidence for each claim made as well as exploring potential risks associated with this process.