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Article summary:
1. Chemical fertilizer plays a critical role in increasing food production, but long-term excessive use of chemical fertilizer has caused environmental pollution.
2. The water footprint (WF) is an indicator related to both water quantity and quality and crop yields, and can be used to measure how to use less water to produce more food.
3. Field experiments can provide actual measured data of the test site, which can reflect the actual production situation of the test site and provide support for revealing the characteristics of the regional WF more accurately.
Article analysis:
The article “Suitable chemical fertilizer reduction mitigates the water footprint of maize production: evidence from Northeast China” is generally reliable and trustworthy. It provides a comprehensive overview of the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction on yield, water consumption and water pollution, as well as exploring field measurement methods for the WF of crop production. The article is well-researched and supported by evidence from various sources such as Godfray et al., Tilman et al., Dinesh et al., Guo et al., Smith and Siciliano, Wang and Xiao, Jiang et al., Wang et al., Drury and Tan, Duan et al., Zou et al., Lovarelli et al., Feng et al., Hoekstra et al., Li et al., Hoekstra and Hung, Qin et al., Novoa et al., Ma et al., Snyder et al., Williams et al., Fan et al., Liu et al., Vanuytrecht et al., Arnold etal ., Luanetal ., Pfisterand Bayer , Huangetal . , Romagueraetal . , OliveraRodriguezetal .
The article does not appear to have any biases or one-sided reporting; it presents both sides equally by providing evidence for both sides of the argument. Furthermore, there are no unsupported claims or missing points of consideration in this article; all claims are backed up with evidence from credible sources. Additionally, there is no promotional content or partiality present in this article; it is purely factual information presented in an unbiased manner. Finally, possible risks are noted throughout the article; it acknowledges that reducing chemical fertilizer use may lead to a decrease in crop yield but also highlights that this must be weighed against potential environmental benefits such as reduced water pollution.
In conclusion, this article is reliable and trustworthy due to its comprehensive research approach and lack of bias or one-sided reporting.