1. Moisture ingress in photovoltaic (PV) modules can lead to power degradation due to corrosion, delamination, discolouration, and optical and adhesion losses.
2. Detection techniques for moisture ingress include electroluminescence, photoluminescence, ultraviolet fluorescence spectroscopy, and dark lock-in thermography.
3. Mitigation techniques for moisture ingress include encapsulants with excellent moisture barrier and adhesion characteristics, desiccant-stacked polyisobutylene sealants, imbedded moisture sensors, and PV designs with/without breathable backsheets.
The article is generally reliable in its presentation of the causes, effects, detection methods and mitigation techniques of moisture ingress in photovoltaic modules. The article provides a comprehensive overview of the literature on this topic as well as potential areas for future research activities. The article is also unbiased in its presentation of information; it does not present any one side more favourably than another or make unsupported claims. Furthermore, the article does not contain any promotional content or partiality towards any particular product or technique.
However, there are some points that could be improved upon in terms of trustworthiness and reliability. For example, while the article mentions potential risks associated with moisture ingress such as corrosion and delamination, it does not provide any evidence to support these claims or explore counterarguments that may exist regarding these risks. Additionally, while the article mentions various detection methods for moisture ingress such as electroluminescence spectroscopy and dark lock-in thermography, it does not provide any details about how these methods work or their limitations. Finally, while the article provides an overview of various mitigation techniques for moisture ingress such as encapsulants with excellent moisture barrier properties and desiccant-stacked polyisobutylene sealants, it does not discuss possible drawbacks associated with these techniques or explore alternative solutions that may exist.