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A review of behind-the-meter energy storage systems in smart grids - ScienceDirect
Source: sciencedirect.com
Article summary:
1. This article provides a comprehensive review of behind-the-meter energy storage systems (ESSs) in smart grids, including their configurations and associated technologies, impacts of different metering and billing schemes on BTM resources profitability, potential applications for end-users and utilities, optimization methods for BTM energy management problems, case studies, realization challenges, research gaps, and potential future research areas.
2. The most common BTM installation is PV plus ESS. PV systems are one of the most often used distributed generators due to their simplicity of installation. Small-scale ESSs are dominated by lithium-ion batteries but lead-acid batteries, flow batteries, ultra-capacitors, hydrogen ESSs (HESSs), and mechanical ESSs such as flywheel ESSs (FESSs) have also been deployed to some extent.
3. Governments have put in place support packages for PV installations to reduce costs and increase self-consumption of renewable energy sources. Challenges such as high costs and long payback period still hinder the widespread installation of PV systems for small/medium-scale applications.
Article analysis:
This article provides a comprehensive review of behind-the-meter energy storage systems (ESSs) in smart grids which is useful for system designers who need to understand the challenges associated with implementing BTM devices. The article presents an overview of different technologies used in BTM installations such as photovoltaics (PVs), lithium ion batteries (Li-ion), lead acid batteries (Pb-acid), flow battery, ultra capacitors (UC), hydrogen ESSs (HESSs), and mechanical ESSs such as flywheel ESSs (FESSs). It also discusses the economic impacts of different metering and pricing schemes on BTM resources profitability as well as potential applications for end users and utilities.
The article is generally reliable in its presentation of information about behind the meter energy storage systems in smart grids; however there are some points that could be improved upon or further explored. For example, while the article does discuss government support packages for PV installations to reduce costs and increase self consumption of renewable energy sources it does not provide any detailed information about these support packages or how they can be accessed by end users or utilities. Additionally, while the article does mention some challenges that hinder the widespread installation of PV systems it does not explore any possible solutions or strategies that could be implemented to address these issues.
Topics for further research:
Government support packages for PV installations
Strategies for overcoming challenges in PV installations
Economic impacts of metering and pricing schemes on BTM resources
Potential applications of BTM energy storage systems
Li-ion battery technology for BTM energy storage systems
Flywheel energy storage systems for BTM applications