Full Picture

Article analysis:

The article provides an overview of a new scenario-based electricity system model called SILVER which is designed to explore the trade-offs among alternative balancing strategies for high variable renewable energy (VRE) electricity grids. The article is well written and provides a comprehensive overview of the model as well as its application in Ontario-based scenarios. The authors provide evidence to support their claims by citing relevant literature throughout the paper. Furthermore, they provide detailed analysis of the implications of high VRE penetrations in a 100% renewable scenario with respect to flexibility requirements, remuneration structures, GHG emissions, capital costs etc., which further strengthens their argument.

However, there are some potential biases present in the article which should be noted. Firstly, while the authors do mention some potential risks associated with high VRE penetration such as weak wind resources in summer necessitating significant non-VRE capacity which increases capital costs for higher VRE penetrations; they do not provide any counterarguments or explore other possible risks associated with this strategy such as grid instability due to intermittent nature of renewables or increased need for backup capacity due to lack of predictability etc., which could have been explored further. Secondly, while the authors do mention different remuneration structures driving demand response and storage deployment; they do not provide any evidence or data to support these claims which could have been included in order to make their argument more convincing. Finally, while the authors do cite relevant literature throughout their paper; it appears that most of these sources are from recent years (post 2010). This could indicate that there may be some bias towards more recent research findings rather than exploring older literature on this topic which could have provided additional insights into this issue.