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Article summary:
1. Waste heat can be found in virtually all engines and machines, making thermoelectrics a unique solution for harvesting electricity from waste heat.
2. High-performance thermoelectric devices require not only identifying high-performance materials but also optimizing various device-level metrics such as thermal and electrical contact resistance, fill factors, electrical and thermal impedance matching, and insulation.
3. The constant property model (CPM) is widely used to estimate efficiency due to its simplicity, but it becomes inaccurate for many materials which have temperature-dependent properties such as Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. Therefore, a holistic consideration of materials and design is necessary to achieve high performance beyond average zT.
Article analysis:
该文章主要介绍了热电设备的性能和设计，但存在一些偏见和不足之处。
首先，文章没有充分考虑热电设备可能带来的风险和负面影响。例如，在使用废热发电时，可能会对环境产生负面影响，如排放有害物质等。此外，文章也没有探讨热电设备在实际应用中可能遇到的问题和挑战。
其次，文章过于强调材料性能和设计优化对热电设备性能的影响，而忽略了其他因素的作用。例如，实际应用中的工作条件、使用寿命、可靠性等因素也会对热电设备的性能产生重要影响。
此外，文章提出了一些主张，但缺乏充分证据支持。例如，在讨论材料选择时，文章只列举了几种高性能材料，并未说明这些材料是否适合特定应用场景。同样，在讨论设计优化时，文章只列举了一些参数，并未说明如何权衡这些参数以达到最佳效果。
最后，该文章存在一定程度上的宣传内容和偏袒。例如，在介绍高性能材料时，文章只列举了一些正面的例子，并未提及这些材料可能存在的局限性和缺陷。此外，文章也没有平等地呈现双方观点，而是过于强调作者自己的观点。
综上所述，该文章存在一些偏见和不足之处，需要更加客观、全面地探讨热电设备的性能和设计问题。
Topics for further research:
Environmental impact of thermoelectric devices
Challenges and issues in practical applications of thermoelectric devices
Factors other than material properties and design optimization affecting thermoelectric device performance
Lack of evidence supporting certain claims in the article
Biased presentation of information and promotion of certain viewpoints
Need for a more objective and comprehensive exploration of thermoelectric device performance and design issues