1. This article presents a revised version of Dunlap and Van Liere's New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) Scale, which is designed to measure pro-environmental orientation.
2. The new scale consists of 15 items that tap into a wider range of facets of an ecological worldview, and offers a balanced set of pro- and anti-NEP items.
3. Results from a 1990 Washington State survey suggest that the items can be created as an internally consistent summated rating scale, and indicate a modest growth in pro-NEP responses among Washington residents over the 14 years since the original study.
This article provides an updated version of Dunlap and Van Liere's New Environmental Paradigm (NEP) Scale, which is designed to measure pro-environmental orientation. The authors present their findings from a 1990 Washington State survey that suggests that the items can be created as an internally consistent summated rating scale, and indicate a modest growth in pro-NEP responses among Washington residents over the 14 years since the original study.
The article appears to be reliable in terms of its data collection methods and analysis techniques used to assess the validity of the NEP Scale. However, there are some potential biases that should be noted when interpreting these results. For example, it is unclear whether or not all relevant demographic groups were included in this survey, which could lead to skewed results if certain groups were underrepresented or excluded altogether. Additionally, it is possible that respondents may have been influenced by social desirability bias when answering questions about their environmental attitudes and beliefs. Finally, it should also be noted that this study was conducted in one specific region (Washington State), so it may not be representative of other areas or populations with different cultural values or environmental concerns.